Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by a third chromosome 21, or "trisomy 21." This eMedTV article takes an in-depth look at Down syndrome, including symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options.
This page on the eMedTV website explores the causes of Down syndrome. Most cases are caused by trisomy 21, which means that each cell in the body has three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two copies.
Down syndrome symptoms or characteristics include poor muscle tone, a short neck, and a flat facial profile. This eMedTV page explains Down syndrome symptoms, as well as symptoms of conditions associated with this developmental disorder.
This portion of the eMedTV archives explains processes used to make a Down syndrome diagnosis. Tests used include amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, and percutaneous umbilical blood sampling, as well as a chromosomal karyotype.
Treatment for Down syndrome can include regular checkups, medications, surgery, and counseling and support. This eMedTV page describes each treatment for Down syndrome, as well as conditions that may result from the disorder, such as cataracts.
As this eMedTV page explains, prenatal screening for Down syndrome involves a test of the mother's blood to measure the levels of certain markers. Additional diagnostic tests may be recommended based on the results of the screening for Down syndrome.
Common Down syndrome effects include mental retardation, thyroid problems, and eye problems. This eMedTV article discusses these and other possible effects of Down syndrome, such as hearing problems and congenital heart disease.
In most cases, a person's Down syndrome prognosis is favorable, with patients living into their 50s. As this eMedTV article explains, however, various factors can affect a Down syndrome prognosis, such as heart or joint problems.
There are no cures for Down syndrome because the condition begins in the chromosomes. The information in this eMedTV page outlines current research investigating cures for Down syndrome, as well as more effective interventions and treatment options.
Down syndrome babies often have hypotonia, or poor muscle tone, which can present problems with feeding. This eMedTV segment explains some of the other more common health problems faced by Down syndrome babies and offers sources of help.
This eMedTV Web page discusses current areas of Down syndrome research. For example, research is being conducted on new prenatal diagnostic techniques and medical treatments using amino acid supplements for children with the disorder.
| Referring Pages | Articles |
