Often associated with mental retardation, Down syndrome is a condition occurring in 1 out of 800 live births. This eMedTV article takes an in-depth look at Down syndrome, including symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options.
Most cases of Down syndrome are caused by trisomy 21. As this eMedTV page explains, this means that each cell in the body has three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two copies. This article looks at the causes of Down syndrome.
Common symptoms of Down syndrome include poor muscle tone, a short neck, and a flat facial profile. This eMedTV page lists other characteristics of Down syndrome, as well as symptoms of conditions associated with this developmental disorder.
This portion of the eMedTV archives explains processes used to make a Down syndrome diagnosis. Tests used include amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, and percutaneous umbilical blood sampling, as well as a chromosomal karyotype.
Regular checkups, medications, surgery, and counseling are all part of treatment for Down syndrome. This eMedTV Web segment describes these treatment options in detail, as well as conditions that may result from the disorder, such as cataracts.
As this eMedTV page explains, prenatal screening for Down syndrome involves a test of the mother's blood to measure the levels of certain markers. Additional diagnostic tests may be recommended based on the results of the screening for Down syndrome.
Common Down syndrome effects include mental retardation, thyroid problems, and eye problems. This eMedTV article discusses these and other possible effects of Down syndrome, such as hearing problems and congenital heart disease.
In most cases, a person's Down syndrome prognosis is favorable, with patients living into their 50s. As this eMedTV article explains, however, various factors can affect a Down syndrome prognosis, such as heart or joint problems.
There are no cures for Down syndrome because the condition begins in the chromosomes. The information in this eMedTV page outlines current research investigating cures for Down syndrome, as well as more effective interventions and treatment options.
Hypotonia (poor muscle tone) is often present in Down syndrome babies and can cause problems with feeding. This eMedTV segment explains some of the other more common health problems faced by these babies and offers sources of help.
This eMedTV Web page discusses current areas of Down syndrome research. For example, research is being conducted on new prenatal diagnostic techniques and medical treatments using amino acid supplements for children with the disorder.
